Short answer: Yes, with a curve.
Long answer:
Before your app is released, react native needs to transpile your javascript to exo-native code (not sure of the real term for that). And this process may not run unless you 'eject' your code. This produces the android and ios folders that would be almost production ready except that you now have to build to generate apk in the case of Android or app in the case of iOS.
Now if you have added third party plugins, that have native codes, that expo does not already have a unimodule for, these won't work in expo because they need to really be compiled into native codes before being bundled into your app.
Edit:
Expos has evolved during these years and the former short answer I gave as No, no longer is as valid. You can now build without a Mac; expo does that for you.